Valveless pneumatic tool.



F. S. GRAHAM.

VALVELESS PNEUMATIU TOOL.

APYLIOATION nun saw. 9, 190a.

Patented May 18, 19.09.

x Q 7 wit-mm UNITED srrArEs FREDERICK S. GRAHAM, 0i" II'IILA DELPHIA.

PENNSYLVANIA. ASSIGNUR 'lO QUAKER CITY PNEUMATI!) TOOL (-O., ()l" PllILADlGlE'lll/l, PENNSYLVANIA, A (-QRIOl-tAlION Ol PENN- SYLVANIA.

vALvELEss PNEUMATIC TOOL.

Patented May 18, 1909.

Application filed September 9, 1908. Serial No. 452,189.

To all whom itmwy concern:

Be it known that LFnnnnmcn b. QumnA-M, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a. now and useful Valvcless Pneumatic lool, of which the following is a specification.

, l n the construction of portable pneumatic tools, such as chip )ing hammers and riveters and especially in t ie construction of what is commonly known asstone tools, if the cylinder or casin has the holes and passa cs therein closed hv plugs there is always a iability of said plugsworking loose, thereh permitting leakage of the motive fluid, wit 1 the result that the eiiiciency of the tool is "greatly impaired and there is a' consequent loss of power and Waste of the motive fluid.

Inmy present invention I Have devised a novel construction in 'WhlCll the longitudinail extending passages in the casing may all e drilled from one end and in order to close the outer end of said passages, instead of employing plugs which are liable to work loose owing to the excessive vibration of the tool, I have dispensed entirely with such plugs and employ in lieu thereof an annular ring which, after being-inserted, may be rigidly secured therein by deflecting thcreover the outer portion 01' the casing and thus formin an absolutely air tight joint undcr all (1011i itions which arise in practice.

i t further consists of other novel features of construction, all as will be hereinafter full set forth. 1

or; the purpose of illustrating my invention I have shown in the accompanying drawings nofemhodimenttlisreof which has been found in practice to et hatisfa'ctory and reliaiile results, although it is to he understood that the various iustrumentalitics -Fig. 1.

of which. my invention consists can he variously arraiiged and organized and that my -invention is not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of those irstrumentahties as herein set'forth.

Figure 1 represents :1 ion ltudmal section of a pneumatic tool embo ying my invsn Fig. 2 represents an end view of Fig.-

tion. 1. Fig. 3 represents a section on line air-22,

Fig. 4 represents a sectional View of groove at the end of said tool before said ring in which the exhaust instead of passing through the' side of the casing, passes through the annular ring. an end View of Fig. 6.

Similar numerals oi referencerindioate corres )onding parts in the figures.

eferring to the drawingsz-rldesignates a casing which, in the present instance is casing havin the vision chamber 22. therein in which is ar apteci to reciprocate the piston 3, which is provided with annular grooves 4 and 5, it being noted that the annular groove 4 is provided with deflected assages 6, which extend through the end 0 said piston while the groove 5 is providedwith-forwardly extending passages 7 whichopen through the forward end of said piston. Thepiston -3 is provided with a reduced neck 8 and a. striker 9, which latter is adapted. to pass through the apertured end of the bushing 10 in which the chisel or other w orking tool is ado. ted to be held. The end of the istonoham, 1:2;is closed by means of a 11, the end .of which is threaded or otherwise ado. ted to be whereby the motive fluid may enter: 1; e

tures 13, to the annular'groove 14 andthenoe by port 15 to the forwardly extending passage 16 and assumin that the parts. are 111 has been sweged or otherwise secured in place. '1 1g.- 6 represents a sectional View of a portion of a tool showing a modified form Fig. 7 representscomposed of a single piece of material, said connected with the motive fiui suppl chamber 12, passing therefrom to the aper-- the'piston chamber 2, thence through the.

forwardly extending passages 7' and acting a ainst the forwarr c amber 2 will cause t e piston to bomoved rearwardly, whereupon.

e motive fluid in port 18 into; the long'itu inclly extending passage 19 and therefrom through the main exhaust 20,?which in this form 0 .my invention-is shown as being located on the'side of the casing. ThG BXhILUBt from thefront of the piston chamber passes through port 26, passage 19am] main exhaust port 20 to the atmosphere. 0n the rearward movement ofthe piston 3the port 17 will'be closed and ,ithe port 21;.will communicate with th'ianortion of the piston' the rear of the piston-ma escape through molar gi'oo'vc 4 whereupon liw motive iluid only pass to said unnulur groove 4, thence through thcrcnrwerdly extending passages 6 into the rear mid of the piston cheinlin-r and reuse the piston. 3 to he mpidly moved lorwurdly so that a blow will. be. imported to the working tool by the striker J.

in prior constructions with which. 1 um familiar it has been necessary to cmploy' plugs threaded or otherwise, in order to close the holes in the ends of the casing which were made during the drilling of the longitudinally extending passages, the result being that in many crises owingtor the small size of these plugs and the excessive vibration which is present in tools of this character, that after awhile such plugs work loose and thus permit leakage of the motive fluid.

In my present invention 1 have designed u construction in which this defect has been overcome and in order to iu-com ilish this I form at the outer end of the cylinder in slinement with the longitudinally extending passtages, an annular groove 22, us will be clearly understood by reference to Fig. 5.

23 designates an annular ring, the lower portion 0. which is adapted to closeljy engage the annular groove or chamber 22 whileits outer ends are beveled or inclined inwardly as is indicated at 24 and 25. After the holes have been drilled and the end of the groove 22 formed, the annular ring 23 is placed in position in said groove, as shown 11'! Fig. 5, after which the outer end of the cssin 1 is deflected or swa ed so that it will closel y engage the beveler portions 24 and 25 of said annular rin and positivcl Y prevent the same froiln being oose-ned by the vibration of the too It will be noted that a. considerable portion of the material is deflected over the upper end of the ring and since the forward portion thereof closely engages the forward portion of the annular flOOVB 22, it will be apparent to those skille in this art that an air tight joint will be produced which will not be affooted in any way by the actual working of the tool. i

It will be noted that the coinmunicatio from the piston chamber 2 to the longitudinafllly extending passages in the casing is m e by cutting awa eport-ion of the casing from the inside so t at in my present construction the necessity of employing plugs of small size is wholly avoided.

In the embodiment seen in Fi 6 and 7 I have shown a cylinder of inodi led form in which the exhaust passes to the atmosphere through the rear end of the tool instead of through the side walls of the casing, it being understood that in practice both'of those constructions are employed. In this embodiment the annular ring 23 is provided .with a urea 27 which cmnmunicate with the longitudinally extending passages 19, as

will be readily understood by reference to [*i 6.

lt will be seen from the figures thut in the present instance .l provide the inlet piece or plug ll-with uhexugonal nut in order that the some may be the more eusily mljustcd to its desired osition with respect to the cylinder.

It wil now be eppercnt that l how-dc vised a novel construction of a pncuuizttic tool in which novel means are en'ipl ycd for closin the outer cud ol' the longitudinally extending passages in the casing and while I have in the present instance shown an eml'iodiinont thereof which llll-S been found in practiceto give satisfactory and reliable rcsults, it is to be understood that the some is susceptible of modification in various particulars without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention or sacrificing any ol its advantages.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a pneumatic tool, a casing haying motive fluid passages therein a. piston ('llflliiher extending longitudinally of said casing, piston in said chamber having its reciprocation controlled by the flow. of motive lluid through said passages and an annular groove communicating with said passages, and a ring seated in said groove to close said pussages.

2. In a pneumatic tool, a, casing having motive fluid passnfs therein and a groove. communicating wit annular ring having one of' its outer walls beveled, immovably seated in said groove. 3. In a pneumatic tool, a. casing having motive fluld passages therein and agroove communicating with said )nssngcs, and a closure having inclined walls seated in said aperture, said closure being secured in place by deflecting a portion of said casing against said Walls. i

4; In a, pneumatic tool. a casing halving fluid ports and passages and an annular groove at one end communicating therewith,

said passages, and an il (l and an annular ring having its forward por-- against.

FREDERICK S. GRAHAM. Witnesses RALPH M. SEAMAN, H. S. FAIRBANKS. 

